Should arguments for degrowth be anthropocentric or ecocentric? And what does this mean in practice? There is an interesting discussion going on, starting with two recent court rulings in New Zealand and India about rivers being granted personal rights. We present an article by Ashish Kothari, Mari Margil and Shrishtee Bajpai, first published for The Guardian. Several geographically-distant but related events signalled a dramatic mind shift in humanity’s troubled relationship with nature last month. First, the New Zealand parliament passed the Te Awa Tupua Act, giving the Whanganui River and ecosystem a legal standing in its own right, guaranteeing its “health and well-being”. Shortly after, a court in India ruled that the Ganges and Yamuna rivers and their related ecosystems have “the status of a legal person, with all corresponding rights, duties and liabilities ... in order to preserve and conserve them”. The history of the rivers makes these proclamations remarkable. The Ganges has long been considered sacred and millions of people depend on it for sustenance, yet it has been polluted, mined, diverted and degraded to a shocking extent. The Whanganui has witnessed a century-old struggle between the indigenous Iwi people and the New Zealand government over its treatment. Notably, the Iwi consider themselves and the Whanganui as an indivisible whole, expressed in the common saying: “I am the river, and the river is me.” Rivers are the arteries of the earth, and lifelines for humanity and millions of other animals and plants. It’s no wonder they have been venerated, considered as ancestors or mothers, and held up as sacred symbols. But we have also desecrated them in every conceivable way. Can giving them the legal rights of a human help resolve this awful contradiction? Perhaps, if we are able to think beyond the material limits of how we relate to nature, we can encourage political and economic measures to create a deeper and more ethical relationship. New Zealand and India have recognised the intrinsic rights of rivers, beyond their use for humans. Both recognise rivers as having spiritual, physical and metaphysical characteristics. These crucial extensions of law are based on ethical principles rarely recognised since the industrial age, but this is how indigenous peoples have long treated nature.
By Xavier Renou Civil disobedience shares a lot with the degrowth idea and movement. In the past, civil disobedience proved to be a powerful tool to fight for equal rights, labor rights, independence, peace and political liberation. Thanks to a growing awareness, an increasing number of struggles involving civil disobedience and non-violent direct actions have been influenced by if not conduct...
Interview mit Anna Holthaus Anna Holthaus ist Vorstandsmitglied der BUNDJugend. Seit 4 Jahren engagiert sie sich in der BUNDJugend dafür, die Schritte für einen sozial-ökologischen Transformationsprozess und eine Gesellschaft ohne Wachstum anzusteuern. Erfreulicherweise ist die BUNDJugend ein wichtiger Unterstützer der Degrowth-Konferenz in Leipzig. Im Rahmen der Interviewreihe des Projekts “Stream towards Degrowth” blickt Anna Holthaus aus [...]
Können Maßnahmen zur Effizienzsteigerung trotz diverser Rebound-Effekte absolute Senkung des Ressourcenverbrauchs bewirken? Tilman Santarius hat jüngst die Debatte um relative und absolute Entkopplung von Wirtschaftswachstum und Ressourcenverbrauch für obsolet erklärt. Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker zeigt in seinem Buch „Faktor Fünf“ hingegen Strategien auf, wie Effizienzsteigerungen zu einer Entkopplung beitragen können. In diesem Interview nimmt er [...]